An electromagnetic pulse, or EMP, is a burst of electromagnetic energy that disrupts all electronic equipment within a large range. EMPs large enough to be a threat are produced by nuclear detonations, like the Starfish Prime nuclear test in 1962. 

Thanks to the electrical components in your modern vehicle, this means most cars couldn't start or could sustain irreparable damage.

A reliable car that works even in a disaster is a key part of an escape plan. We've compiled a list of EMP-proof cars that will be your best bet, and tailored it based on three types of environments:

• Urban
• Suburban
• Rural

In a rural environment, rugged-terrain cars with all-wheel-drive will be preferable. If you're planning an urban escape, then look for something that is compact. A suburban area can be a mix of both, but you will likely need a vehicle that can relocate to a bug out area. The key thing in surviving an EMP attack is to prepare beforehand. 

Considering the EMP effects on Cars

The EMP emitted by a solar flare probably won't affect your car. It doesn't emit enough current to disrupt the electronics. 

Rumors of EMP weapons developed by authoritarian regimes, however,  have analysts increasingly interested in EMP protection for vehicles. 

A 2004 EMP Commission ran tests to discover just how vulnerable to EMP attacks most cars would be. One of their easiest recommendations to protect your car was to have simple repair parts readily available in case the engine shuts down or dashboard electronics are blown in the initial pulse. 

In any case, a working vehicle is a huge leg up in any SHTF scenario. 

What Makes a Car EMP Proof

Studies are mixed on the likely effects of an EMP. Researchers with the Electric Power Research Institute concluded that metal housing can help shield delicate electric equipment. This means that cars with metal housing or a Faraday cage (read more on that below) could have some of the same surge protection features.

If you look at historical EMP tests on vehicle types, many modern cars are already partially "hardened," to help protect your vehicle's delicate electronics. This varies by the make and model of car, so if you're shopping for a new automobile anyway it's worth asking how susceptible to EMP it is. 

Keep reading for our list of top 10 vehicles that could survive an EMP. This list is suitable for those in urban, suburban, and rural areas. 

10. Chevrolet Suburban (1980s)

Older vehicles are favorites for bug-out vehicles that are more likely to work after an EMP attack. Chevy Suburbans are a classic combo vehicle that can handle city driving and off-roading with ease. The 1980s models have fewer electronic components, making the mechanical systems easier to replace in the wake of an EMP. 

Why It's EMP-Proof:

As with many 80s-era cars, the Chevrolet Suburban has fewer electronic components. This means that the engine will be more likely to keep running after a major EMP attack that fries newer cars. You can choose between automatic and manual transmission, so we'd definitely recommend the manual. 

Key Features

All-Wheel Drive: We liked the sturdiness of 4-wheel drive on this model that gives you flexibility in the type of terrain you can navigate. 

• Sturdiness: Though sometimes dismissed as a station-wagon-esque family vehicle, the Suburban is a bit of a beast that can handle up to 14,000 pounds of cargo and/or a trailer. 
• Spaciousness: The 1980s models were specifically designed to provide tons of room and can be easily repurposed into a bug out vehicle. 

Pros:

• Few electronic components 
• 4-wheel drive 
• Large cargo capacity 
• Fairly easy to find replacement parts 

Cons: 

• Takes more gas than other vehicles (unless you get the diesel) 
• Blocky build for driving in urban or suburban environments
• May still need additional improvement to make it EMP-proof 

9. Toyota Land Cruiser (FJ40, 1960s-1980s)

A cult-classic pick for survivalists and adventure nuts alike, the Toyota Land Cruiser is a stripped-down machine that is designed to take you up mountains and across desserts. It's easily-repaired engine and minimal electronic components make it a great pick for an EMP-proof car that will survive just about anything. 

Why it's EMP Proof: The older models are known to have fairly simple mechanicals that are relatively easy to maintain and repair, even for laypeople. Some models may have been equipped with an electronic ignition system, so keep an eye out for non-updated vehicles for a less susceptible car.

Key Features

• Off-Road capability: The FJ40 model has a high ground clearance and a great suspension system, making it a great option for rough terrain.
  
  
• Reliable Engine: The FJ40 has a relatively simple engine that can be maintained for ages with simple maintenance.
  
  
• Strong Build: The body of this Toyota was one of the classic off-roaders, built to withstand the rigors of rough terrain. 

Pros:

• Can handle just about any terrain
• A simply-built machine that can be endlessly repaired 
• Easy to add additional EMP protections 

Cons:

• Not very fuel efficient
• Lacks airbags and other modern safety features 
• Less cargo space than other bugout vehicles 

8. Jeep CJ-7 (1970s-1980s)

Image 6

Source: Bull-Doser at English Wikipedia, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

A lighter-weight alternative to other models listed here, the Jeep CJ-7 was introduced in the late 70s in response to demands for a fuel-efficient off-roading vehicle. It still serves that purpose today and its manual transmission and minimal electronics make it a good option in the event of an EMP. 

Why It's EMP Proof: Like many 1970s and 80s vehicles, the ignition runs on a points-style system rather than relying on an electronic control model. This makes it more likely to restart after an EMP attack when all other cars might have had their ignition shorted out. Despite its small size, you could actually haul a small trailer. 

Key Features

Lightweight: This Jeep is more compact than some later models or an SUV like the Suburban. This makes it helpful for urban and suburban escape plans where you may have less room to maneuver.  

Off-road Capability: Jeeps are famous for going off the beaten path. As with other bug out cars, this jeep will get you pretty much anywhere you need to go. 

Ease of Repair: Thanks to its fairly simple mechanical parts and a famously enthusiastic Jeep-owner community make sure that you will be well-resourced to learn how to work on your machine. 

Pros:

• Relatively easy to get parts for repair/customization 
• Designed for off-roading 
• Lightweight and high suspension 

Cons: 

• The gas mileage isn't great
• Smaller size - you can't fit many people and a ton of gear in this Jeep 
• Prone to rust 

7. Ford Bronco (1960s-1970s)

A sporty take on an off-roading vehicle, the early-edition Ford Broncos are still road-worthy. These vehicles can be more of a collectors’ item and fetch a higher price, but if you can find an affordable one it can serve as a good, lightweight EMP-proof vehicle thanks to its simple mechanicals and almost no complicated electronics. 

Why It's EMP Proof: The 1960s and 70s Broncos had straightforward mechanical systems - some 1960s models even had generators instead of alternators, but the alternators are more trustworthy. Many models have been updated by collectors along the way. 

Key Features

Durability: Originally designed as a military vehicle for WWII, the Bronco is a great choice for navigating rough areas.

Navigating Rough Terrain: In fact, a suggested alternative name was GOAT - "Goes Over Any Terrain." 

VIDEO: History of the Ford Bronco 

Pros:

• Versatility: can be used for rural areas over many kinds of terrain
• Very few complex electronics 
• Lightweight yet durable 

Cons: 

• Classic Broncos lack modern safety measures
• Maintenance can be more expensive 
• Poor fuel economy 

6. Mercedes-Benz G-Class (1970s)

Originally designed for military use, the G-Class is an iconic European car for durability and ruggedness. Thanks to its reputation (royalty have ridden in these) a classic version will be expensive, but it might be worth it if you want something really sturdy. 

Why it’s EMP proof: The G-Class was built to withstand heavy use in rough conditions. The mechanical simplicity makes it less vulnerable to a nuclear EMP. 

Key Features 

Powerful: Its high-powered engine and exceptional off-road performance makes it a top choice for a military-grade civilian vehicle. 

Simple mechanicals: The simple but durable mechanical systems make it a good choice for an EMP-proof car.

Pros:

• All-wheel drive and steel frame design
• Simple mechanicals 
• Differential locks for better off-road performance 

Cons: 

• Price
• High fuel consumption
• Size makes it hard to maneuver in urban settings or crowds 

5. Land Rover Defender (1980s-1990s)

A slightly more recent military build is the Land Rover Defender. It is known for simple, robust mechanics, a great thing to look for in an EMP proof car. Thanks to its superior off-road ability, the classic Defender is still considered better than its later models. 

Why It's EMP Proof: The classic Defender's chassis can serve as its own Faraday cage. While the mechanicals are simple and durable, the metal chassis protects the few electric components in an EMP pulse attack. 

Key Features 

Military Origins: The Defender has its origins in WWII military vehicles and is designed to take a beating.

Durable: Its extremely durable construction and supreme off-road performance make it a good pick. 

Pros: 

• Mechanical parts are relatively simple
• Incredibly durable 
• Decent cabin size 

Cons:

• Lacking in airbags and ABS brakes 
• Parts can be hard to find
• Prone to rust 

4. Chevrolet Blazer K5 (1970s-1980s)

Image 9

Source: 79 k5 driver via Wikimedia Commons

An early SUV, the Blazer does a good job of transporting people and traversing rough territory. It has a powerful engine that can easily pull a trailer with your gear and simple mechanicals that make it more resistant to an EMP. 

Why it's EMP proof: Early models have basic electronics that would be relatively easy to repair if an EMP would knock them out. 

Key Features

Spacious: This roomy model has plenty of space and the power to haul extras.

Off-Road Capability: Its rugged design and all-wheel drive make it a good choice to consider for an EMP-proof car. 

Pros:

• Ultra tough construction 
• Relatively comfortable interior 
• Good for off-roading 

Cons: 

• Sourcing parts can be tricky
• Low fuel efficiency
• Less maneuverable in an urban setting

3. Ford F-150 (1980s)

One of the more affordable vehicles you can buy to withstand the damaging effects of an EMP, the Ford F-150 is a solid pickup truck with minimum mechanical parts. 

Why it's EMP Proof: Classic F-150s are known for their durable mechanicals. The relative lack of electronic components makes it more likely to survive the threat of an EMP attack. 

Key Features

Available Parts :As a popular vehicle, parts are likely to be more available for this truck.

Maneuverable:  Its small size, maneuverability, and durability make it a good all-around choice as a bug out truck. 

Pros:

• Good towing capability
• Relatively fuel-efficient
• Reliable 

Cons: 

• Lightweight design might not be good for rugged terrain
• Limited interior space 
• Prone to rust 

2. Suzuki Samurai (1980s) 

Image 11

Source: Jakub Hałun via Wikimedia Commons

This powerful little 4X4 is nearly unstoppable off road. While it's not as fast as some of its competitors, it's not a car that will be affected by an EMP as easily because of its simple mechanicals.

Why It's EMP Proof: It’s got no electrical components and relies solely on basic mechanicals.

Key Features 

Rough Roading: The Samurai is known for its unstoppability on rough terrain.

Simple to Repair: It's simple design and durability make it easier and less expensive to maintain than other models.

Compact: It's compact, so it can be useful in rural, urban, and suburban scenarios, especially if main roads are blocked and you need to go off-trail. 

Pros:

• Lightweight design good for urban and rural environments
• Solid all-terrain performer
• Slower than other off-roaders

Cons:

• Some safety concerns about rolling in crashes
• Harder to source parts 
• Less hauling capability 

1. Military Humvee (1980s)

An icon, the Humvee was born in the 80s to modernize the U.S. military. While it infamously struggles on city streets, nothing can beat a classic Hummer for off road stamina and durability. 

Why It's EMP Proof: The manufacturer claims that its simple electronics and lack of electric braking make it resistant to an EMP. 

Key Features 

Strong and Fast: The Humvee features both strength and speed, maxing out at 70 MPH.

Powerful: Its 6.5 L 4-speed transmission gives it tons of power.

Possible Bio Diesel Integration: Diesel capability means it may be able to run on biodiesel. 

Pros: 

• Aggressive over rough terrain
• Fast
• Incredibly durable

Cons:

• Not suitable for narrow city streets
• High fuel consumption
• Repair can be complicated 

Key Considerations for Your Vehicle to Survive an EMP Attack

Mechanical vs. Electronic Systems: Cars that depend more on mechanical systems are more likely to be EMP-proof. If your car has a lot of electric components, then consider integrating some shielding over the ignition. 

Ease of Maintenance: Cars need routine repair and maintenance. To protect your vehicle, be sure that parts are easy to get and don't require international shipping. 

Off-Road Capability: In an emergency in an urban or suburban area, you will want to escape quickly. A vehicle that can easily cover rough terrain gives you more options for flight from dangerous situations. 

Fuel Efficiency: Experts agree that fuel would be limited in a post-EMP scenario. Fuel efficient cars and trucks will make the most from scarce resources. 

Cargo Space: In a bug-out scenario, you will need to bring all the supplies and equipment necessary for long-term survival. If you're affected by an EMP, you'll want more space than a small sedan can provide. 

Additional Protection Tips

You can make your car even more EMP resistant with a few simple strategies. 

• Build a Faraday Cage: A Faraday cage is an enclosure made out of conductive material that protects enclosed electronics. You can purchase Faraday bags or tents to serve as an EMP shield or even build one yourself. 
• Spare Parts: Don't count on roadside service. Keep the parts of a car that may need to be replaced and the needed tools. Put together an EMP car survival kit for evac situations. 
• Regular Maintenance: Don't put things off. Keep your vehicle in tip-top shape so that it is more likely to function after an EMP.